Brut Deluxe + Design-Luna 廣場

圖片說明：圖片提供／Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

這處位於馬德里歷史區中心的Luna廣場（Plaza de la Luna）為一處古宮殿改建而成，並做為二棟商業大樓與地下停車場的使用，而這樣的改建也改善了當地原本充斥著老舊房舍與毒品及性交易的問題。重整過的Luna廣場，不論在建築面上或是都市規劃上更能符合當地使用上的需求。

若以建築設計來說，原本Luna廣場的規劃可說真是糟糕的典範。在人們普遍的印象中原來的Luna廣場就是存在著一堆混合且不協調的建築物並年久失修，外觀上有著高高低低且無功能性的平台，令人搞不清楚那些連結著斜坡與階梯的不同平台一開始設計的目的為何，其中更有一條街道直接?越Luna廣場將廣場分成了二塊。而原廣場中的許多元素像是牆、斜坡、階梯、通風塔及地下停車場的通風口不但讓廣場看起來更雜亂無章，更阻擋了行人道的路線。　

因此在Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design建築師事務所的重建計劃中，便是要重新給Luna廣場一個新的面貌。儘管原本的停車場斜坡、階梯等設備仍需持續維護，但更需解決的是通往南邊辦公室區的坡道，以及最糟糕的長廊騎樓部份。事務所指出將原被分成二部份的廣場重新連接起來也是規劃的重點之一，還給居民一處都會區中多功能性的大廣場，並有著繞廣場四周的較低平台呼應著樹群與原本的建築物。

廣場重新設計的另一重點便是綠化。事務所將原本的綠植被空間擴大成了二倍並種上許多栗樹，為的就是在夏日時創造出更多的綠蔭空間，同時也能美化廣場的環境。原本的斜坡、階梯與通風塔則使用同一種以自然生?而成的鋼材並刻上花的圖樣，而選擇這樣的材料也可避免人為的故意破壞或也可較輕易地移除塗鴨等圖案。在廣場中事務所特地設計了二處噴泉，較低處的噴泉則成為了孩童們在夏日時的玩水空間。

燈光的設計也是重點，尤其是在長廊的騎樓部份，事務所在長廊頂部加裝了白色面板用以反射投射燈光，讓以往較暗的騎樓在夜晚時也有著足夠的照明，甚至能成為舉行活動的場所。事務所表示，廣場的重建最重要的就是要讓更多的市民能更加地喜歡使用廣場，整體的設計也是為了能符合多功能使用的目的，像是運動、音樂或是市場等活動舉行的場所。

圖片說明：圖片提供／Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

圖片說明：圖片提供／Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

圖片說明：圖片提供／Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

圖片說明：Courtesy by Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

【延伸閱讀】
Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design 事務所
http://brutdeluxe.com/

Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design-超顯眼路標 totem de/dos
https://solomo.xinmedia.com/archi/24604-Madrid

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編譯／蘇琨峰　圖／Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

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Profile
蘇琨峰／Andre

一隻喜愛新事物也對舊事物固執的牡羊。台北工專土木工程科、雲林科技大學營建工程結構組畢業，工作後決定離職前往澳洲再度充實自己並一圓留學夢，畢業於墨爾本大學經濟與商業研究所，主修商業與資訊管理。喜歡看建築、旅行探險、攝影、網球、及爵士樂團薩克斯風手。目前為《欣建築／國際脈動》編譯、文字記者、辦理欣建築相關活動及國際領隊。

圖片說明：Courtesy by Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

Plaza de la Luna (Plaza Santa Maria Soledad Torres Acosta) is a recently created square in the urban grid of the historical centre of Madrid, generated by the demolition of an old palace in the second half of the XX century giving place to an underground car-park and two new office buildings closing the blocks. In the last decades the neighbourhood, just behind the commercial Gran Vía, suffers from the general degradation of the housings and associated drug traffic and prostitution. The situation escalates in summer 2006, when neighbours grab on video the situation, publish it on internet gaining general attention of the press and in the following day a prostitute gets deadly hurt in a fight in brought daylight. The City Council decides to act and to reform the square as a part of the measures.

Architectonically Plaza de la Luna was characterized in previous years by its mixed and incohesive construction, most of which was in a general state of disrepair. The visual appearance of the square was dominated by its mixed levels and platforms which were uneven and anti-functional. Its previous topography was unclear, different platforms were connected with ramps and stairs. A street (C/ Tudescos), which crossed and divided Plaza de la Luna into two separate spaces, reinforced an image of the square with no unity. Different elements, such as walls, ramps, staircases, ventilation towers and vents of the underground car-park, acted as obstacles that hindered comfortable pedestrian use and with it, the general perception of the square.

A reorganization of the square, both architecturally and urbanistically was needed in order to encourage a more intense and mixed use that could match with the needs and interests of the neighbourhood.

The central idea of the project is a new topography. Despite of the difficulty because of the structure of the existing car-park with its ramps, staircases, elevators that all had to be maintained, we thought that the most important aim we had to achieve was to avoid the constant slope of the former topography towards the arcades of the southern office buildings that seemed to focus the whole space and perception precisely towards the worse part – the space beneath the arcades. Instead, we tried to create a topography that would be capable of unifying and organizing the whole space of the square redirecting the perception of the users towards a new centre. With this in mind, a large central space was created constituting a perfect setting for urban life; a multi functional, indeterminate and free area surrounded by low steps towards the edges. The steps accommodate and apply geometrical order to the trees and existing architectural elements such as ramps, stairs and ventilation towers.

The renovation of the square included doubling the amount of vegetation and greenery; large growth chestnut trees were planted in the perimeter zones to provide shade in summer and to create a natural vertical filter in front of the different facades, which never were thought to look at a square and generally are of low aesthetic quality, so the best was to hide them as far as possible. This greatly changed the overall appearance by enhancing the role of vegetation in the everyday experience and atmosphere of the square.

Ramps, stairs and ventilation towers were renewed entirely with one main material: naturally rusted, 3 mm corten steel, either punched or stamped with a floral motif that we had developed for a former project (the kiosk m.poli). This warm coloured material offers best anti vandalism qualities as it is very hard to write on, glued papers drop off and sprayed on graffiti can be easily removed. The punched motif has a double function: transforming the perception of a cheap and rusted material and anti vandalism.

The urban furniture was designed and located taking into account the new topographical conditions, architectural elements and trees spread around the square, leaving free the centre. In the lowest point of the square a water fountain that doubles as a game for children provides a refreshing counter point in the hot summer and at the other end in the highest point of the square, a child’s play area was placed close to an area where seniors can exercise in the shade.

The lighting of the square, especially that of the arcade under the surrounding buildings, used to be very scarce. As a counterpoint to this, a new false ceiling covered with white gresite was installed acting as a reflective screen for projectors. This provided a higher level of illumination under the arcades making them safer at night and more adequate for all kinds of activities.

The paving focuses on the texture and is made out of granite of different highly contrasted colours (white, green, black and grey). It allows for a clear lecture of the topography of the square and points out the special character of the square in the urban grid comparative to the living room in a house. According to this image the floor texture can be understood like the big carpet inviting you to play on. The main pattern has alternating diagonal directions common to each ring of the overall design. The colours are used according to their position: dark green is more present near the centre whilst towards the perimeter it slowly disperses giving place to other tones that integrate more with the surrounding streets.

Both the topographical organization and paving schemes were intended to encourage higher pedestrian use of the area. The removal of the street that used to cross the square (C/ Tudescos) is a clear example of this, as is the paving of the streets that surround the square. Public space focused towards pedestrian use rather than traffic.

The topography accommodates for different activities with imprecise boundaries that can vary according to everyday needs. We believe that the best squares are those that are basically empty and indeterminate. The centre of Madrid was lacking of a space with multi functional nature that allows different uses depending on the hour and station. The free centre provides a more dynamic space encouraging sports and busier activities, while towards the edge and beneath the trees more contemplative and static activities take place. The spatial organization does not determine activities in fixed places but intends to allow diverse forms of temporary activities, like street markets, musical actions or playing sports such as bicycle riding, skateboarding or ball games.

圖片說明：Courtesy by Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

圖片說明：Courtesy by Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

圖片說明：Courtesy by Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design

【More Information】
Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design
http://brutdeluxe.com/

Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design-totem de/dos
https://solomo.xinmedia.com/archi/24604-Madrid

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Photos/Brut Deluxe Architecture + Design



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Andre Profile

A male Aries, loves learning new things and being nostalgic to old things. Academic background: Bachelor of Construction Engineering Department at National YunTech University, Taiwan and Diploma of Graduate School of Business and Economics at University of Melbourne. With character of a little introvert, addicting to architecture, photography, tennis, Jazz music and saxophone and being the translator of Xin Architecture/ International, reporter, holder of activities and international tour leader.